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Ways
of Thinking About Light The
two different ways of defining Light: Light
travels in straight lines and bounces off a mirror much like a ball bouncing
off a wall. No one has actually seen particles of light. Even now it's
easy to explain why that might be. The particles could be too small, or
moving too fast, to be seen, or perhaps our eyes see right through them.
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Producing
a Photon Any light that you see is made up of a collection of one or more photons propagating through space as electromagnetic waves. In total darkness, our eyes are actually able to sense single photons, but generally what we see in our daily lives comes to us in the form of zillions of photons produced by light sources and reflected off from objects.Your eyes absorb some of the photons flowing through , and that is what one sees. There are many different ways to produce photons, but all of them use the same mechanism inside an atom to do it. This mechanism involves the energizing of electrons orbiting each atom's nucleus. Nuclear Radiation Works describes protons, neutrons and electrons in some detail. Electrons
circle the nucleus in
fixed orbits. An electron has a natural orbit that it occupies, Probably the most common way to energize atoms is with heat, and this is the basis of incandescence. Red is the lowest-energy visible light, so in a red-hot object the atoms are just getting enough energy to begin emitting light that we can see. Once you apply enough heat to cause white light, you are energizing so many different electrons in so many different ways that all of the colors are being generated they all mix together to look white
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Making Colors: Visible light is light that can be perceived by the human eye.The visible light of the sun, appears to be colorless, which we call white.White is not considered to be part of the visible spectrum . This is because white light is not the light of a single color, or frequency. Instead, it is made up of many color frequencies. White light is a mixture of all of the colors of the visible spectrum. The combination of every color in the visible spectrum produces a light that is colorless, or white. When
Light Hits an Objec:t
When
a light wave hits an object, what happens to it depends on the energy
of the light wave, the natural frequency at which electrons vibrate in
the material and the strength with which the atoms in the material hold
on to their electrons. Based on these three factors, four different things
can happen when light hits an object:
The
waves can be reflected or scattered off the object.(Wasting
Energies?)
A reflected wave always comes off the surface of a material at an angle equal to the angle at which the incoming wave hit the surface. In physics, this is called the Law of Reflectance. Think of the Earth's atmosphere as a surface, but it nonetheless is "rough" to incoming white light. The atmosphere contains molecules of many different sizes, including nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and various pollutants. This assortment scatters the higher energy light waves, the ones we see as blue light. Everything
is affected by, the nature of light. Light is a form of energy that travels
in waves. We are attuned to those wave frequencies that we call visible
light. Could
we be attuned to those waves that are invisible, or are we seeing the
invisble and are not aware? |
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